<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2025 Workiva-->
<!--r:4e5df1a6-3686-4209-be99-93dd81beb4e6,g:f6c18717-7cfc-43bb-b260-b6454d9f28e0-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#ConsolidatedBalanceSheets"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent_83ce9ad9-cbc2-4d87-84fc-c1ec589d4484" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent_83ce9ad9-cbc2-4d87-84fc-c1ec589d4484" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet_77063e00-ecbc-4131-9ad4-f8fbaf963a23" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet_77063e00-ecbc-4131-9ad4-f8fbaf963a23" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_83974cc4-e443-4627-83e3-9034796a3bcc" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_83974cc4-e443-4627-83e3-9034796a3bcc" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_45732d1d-ba4e-4bd0-b239-3cbb33221a65" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_45732d1d-ba4e-4bd0-b239-3cbb33221a65" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesReceivable_302ded91-ac73-477c-ae47-45691700cf1c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesReceivable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesReceivable_302ded91-ac73-477c-ae47-45691700cf1c" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_9ec68e3c-d3e1-484c-8317-a39b1045b37a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="6" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_aa1308b4-e954-4ea9-820f-1dd8fd714912" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_9ec68e3c-d3e1-484c-8317-a39b1045b37a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_2cd41850-7766-4a85-85de-7f3eee9766e2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_43d9170f-3314-4ee0-9569-a09c596cda95" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_2cd41850-7766-4a85-85de-7f3eee9766e2" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_43d9170f-3314-4ee0-9569-a09c596cda95" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_a9e3d600-e015-431e-845a-e8d7d94cd378" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_2cd41850-7766-4a85-85de-7f3eee9766e2" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_a9e3d600-e015-431e-845a-e8d7d94cd378" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_312c42bb-b055-44d3-afda-04d26310daa6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_2cd41850-7766-4a85-85de-7f3eee9766e2" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_312c42bb-b055-44d3-afda-04d26310daa6" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_37f85ea7-d624-408a-b523-54df6aec99a6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_2cd41850-7766-4a85-85de-7f3eee9766e2" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_37f85ea7-d624-408a-b523-54df6aec99a6" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_6ab02765-7eaf-4cc8-a560-8160c2eb6d04" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_2cd41850-7766-4a85-85de-7f3eee9766e2" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_6ab02765-7eaf-4cc8-a560-8160c2eb6d04" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_686af99b-91c2-4839-a06d-a3519c24c9de" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_a1733f73-2480-471f-b6bf-0169d11365ad" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_686af99b-91c2-4839-a06d-a3519c24c9de" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities_a1733f73-2480-471f-b6bf-0169d11365ad" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_cfe3f045-230d-4a76-944f-a3134f3c2338" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_686af99b-91c2-4839-a06d-a3519c24c9de" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_cfe3f045-230d-4a76-944f-a3134f3c2338" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilities_4be6ca40-8234-4993-bd02-825e21abb315" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilities_4be6ca40-8234-4993-bd02-825e21abb315" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_f50e8d74-1170-487e-bcb0-77f6655e5584" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_f50e8d74-1170-487e-bcb0-77f6655e5584" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent_16633e70-996c-47d0-a504-4eb71b183ac4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent_16633e70-996c-47d0-a504-4eb71b183ac4" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_57d2ea05-026f-4ab1-9d70-79cb4e543e83" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_57d2ea05-026f-4ab1-9d70-79cb4e543e83" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_881f8b68-be9d-4958-b327-a1487c28076b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_881f8b68-be9d-4958-b327-a1487c28076b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent_eb7e4279-1b49-4e03-af19-71ffac48af04" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="6" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_1d372d8a-648f-4457-8f72-4944311f3c97" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent_eb7e4279-1b49-4e03-af19-71ffac48af04" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2f5ac34d-b4e5-41a3-b23d-b2f285d705b4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2f5ac34d-b4e5-41a3-b23d-b2f285d705b4" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_6783e891-1e79-4323-a7be-0a2e5ddc29c1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_6783e891-1e79-4323-a7be-0a2e5ddc29c1" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Goodwill_ef595e3f-f592-40d3-8f6c-73a59d392ea0" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_Goodwill_ef595e3f-f592-40d3-8f6c-73a59d392ea0" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_4c362403-b2e4-4a43-bb52-70c91224ab0f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_4c362403-b2e4-4a43-bb52-70c91224ab0f" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent_2ce3ad37-3e69-479a-91a9-80914c1cc70e" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent_2ce3ad37-3e69-479a-91a9-80914c1cc70e" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_3c2a080a-ddd9-4570-a081-c4235de891e7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="6" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_3c2a080a-ddd9-4570-a081-c4235de891e7" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset_13b498e1-a317-4835-b505-4b5f4487129a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="7" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset_13b498e1-a317-4835-b505-4b5f4487129a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_af4f6b02-9fcc-4aab-83af-dc649c771eee" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="8" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets_4106775d-cce6-47b7-bd02-119f18f3dbae" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_af4f6b02-9fcc-4aab-83af-dc649c771eee" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_9c08329a-11ee-4311-a2f5-f1602d610bdd" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_9e0f640b-d7a6-418b-9a1e-17b621dce704" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_9c08329a-11ee-4311-a2f5-f1602d610bdd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_9e0f640b-d7a6-418b-9a1e-17b621dce704" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_b5b22a90-e15f-4d74-ab9f-bd05b5b49e36" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_9c08329a-11ee-4311-a2f5-f1602d610bdd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_b5b22a90-e15f-4d74-ab9f-bd05b5b49e36" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_e9737feb-365c-4a9f-8154-4b250076748c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_9c08329a-11ee-4311-a2f5-f1602d610bdd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_e9737feb-365c-4a9f-8154-4b250076748c" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue_49ec3179-b818-4de0-9293-fa3a78f5a3c1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_9c08329a-11ee-4311-a2f5-f1602d610bdd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue_49ec3179-b818-4de0-9293-fa3a78f5a3c1" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_903da769-8d89-4ba1-878a-34e4769616f3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_9c08329a-11ee-4311-a2f5-f1602d610bdd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_903da769-8d89-4ba1-878a-34e4769616f3" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsofComprehensiveIncome" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsofComprehensiveIncome"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsofComprehensiveIncome" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GrossProfit_61be2d15-b7e3-40e3-95fb-a5000f11636f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerIncludingAssessedTax_31497815-7926-43b1-95a9-741fa15ae40c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerIncludingAssessedTax"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GrossProfit_61be2d15-b7e3-40e3-95fb-a5000f11636f" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerIncludingAssessedTax_31497815-7926-43b1-95a9-741fa15ae40c" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_1f5956d9-5ec4-4620-8942-07d4a5059d0c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GrossProfit_61be2d15-b7e3-40e3-95fb-a5000f11636f" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_1f5956d9-5ec4-4620-8942-07d4a5059d0c" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_3542f6f8-bebe-47b6-a06d-e4398744d041" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SellingAndMarketingExpense_4e1eefdc-e42a-47a6-a3b1-80f734c7638f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingAndMarketingExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_3542f6f8-bebe-47b6-a06d-e4398744d041" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_SellingAndMarketingExpense_4e1eefdc-e42a-47a6-a3b1-80f734c7638f" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_30ea0ca9-9e81-4eff-a50b-997a1c22fa93" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_3542f6f8-bebe-47b6-a06d-e4398744d041" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_30ea0ca9-9e81-4eff-a50b-997a1c22fa93" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_92afd113-5558-4a95-8c68-51028707008d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_3542f6f8-bebe-47b6-a06d-e4398744d041" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_92afd113-5558-4a95-8c68-51028707008d" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness_85a208e8-b033-4811-96d4-5bdcc57ca91b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_3542f6f8-bebe-47b6-a06d-e4398744d041" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness_85a208e8-b033-4811-96d4-5bdcc57ca91b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_ec5fae86-fc4a-429e-bf4a-4c452d4a633c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_30121c53-2025-47f1-be52-9a5e62303b5a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_ec5fae86-fc4a-429e-bf4a-4c452d4a633c" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_30121c53-2025-47f1-be52-9a5e62303b5a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_e6b75b94-8bdb-43f6-befd-9984cec5bbf3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_ec5fae86-fc4a-429e-bf4a-4c452d4a633c" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_e6b75b94-8bdb-43f6-befd-9984cec5bbf3" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_ae5ac493-30fb-4ae8-b99f-500d34b65bdf" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_4cdb86bd-5bf1-47f0-b1b8-15bef41b6f7a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_ae5ac493-30fb-4ae8-b99f-500d34b65bdf" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_4cdb86bd-5bf1-47f0-b1b8-15bef41b6f7a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_bf85957b-31c4-44d4-a1e0-a0550707fce1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_ae5ac493-30fb-4ae8-b99f-500d34b65bdf" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_bf85957b-31c4-44d4-a1e0-a0550707fce1" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_421a2860-9d09-4678-bf1c-be5e1f1dc2b8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_54c25c01-c55d-49a7-8058-a2a39a23476b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_421a2860-9d09-4678-bf1c-be5e1f1dc2b8" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_54c25c01-c55d-49a7-8058-a2a39a23476b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GrossProfit_f447872b-49ef-48e2-97c6-6843353bf53b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_421a2860-9d09-4678-bf1c-be5e1f1dc2b8" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_GrossProfit_f447872b-49ef-48e2-97c6-6843353bf53b" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsofCashFlows" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsofCashFlows"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsofCashFlows" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_fee0eb4d-d042-42c5-957a-0f45d3fb037d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfProductiveAssets_89983452-a39f-4cc2-ac39-052fc40f57b7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfProductiveAssets"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_fee0eb4d-d042-42c5-957a-0f45d3fb037d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfProductiveAssets_89983452-a39f-4cc2-ac39-052fc40f57b7" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_4356d6d0-e774-4ebf-b25c-8e63d2107a64" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_fee0eb4d-d042-42c5-957a-0f45d3fb037d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_4356d6d0-e774-4ebf-b25c-8e63d2107a64" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_a2dabf2b-568e-4fdf-a3fa-bc8b4d940630" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_fee0eb4d-d042-42c5-957a-0f45d3fb037d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_a2dabf2b-568e-4fdf-a3fa-bc8b4d940630" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromMaturitiesPrepaymentsAndCallsOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_885670ba-4be1-435b-991a-d3183d4d1402" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromMaturitiesPrepaymentsAndCallsOfAvailableForSaleSecurities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_fee0eb4d-d042-42c5-957a-0f45d3fb037d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromMaturitiesPrepaymentsAndCallsOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_885670ba-4be1-435b-991a-d3183d4d1402" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_6472386c-1c05-49e7-bf93-d2a6c5c5aed4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_a3821aa7-6999-4428-be84-54ab58a0152f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_6472386c-1c05-49e7-bf93-d2a6c5c5aed4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_a3821aa7-6999-4428-be84-54ab58a0152f" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_2e6c8df6-bcca-4fb1-a53b-5e909b060a4f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_6472386c-1c05-49e7-bf93-d2a6c5c5aed4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_2e6c8df6-bcca-4fb1-a53b-5e909b060a4f" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_5dc239f9-6011-4328-9a8d-5b7559680983" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_6472386c-1c05-49e7-bf93-d2a6c5c5aed4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_5dc239f9-6011-4328-9a8d-5b7559680983" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2853b343-4a2f-41f7-b01b-6d820d40c8b1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_6472386c-1c05-49e7-bf93-d2a6c5c5aed4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2853b343-4a2f-41f7-b01b-6d820d40c8b1" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherOperatingLiabilities_d343e5d4-3617-4c33-af9a-79aa6f70be65" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherOperatingLiabilities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherOperatingLiabilities_d343e5d4-3617-4c33-af9a-79aa6f70be65" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_71274dfc-5bef-486b-9dbe-4817d4fe3977" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_71274dfc-5bef-486b-9dbe-4817d4fe3977" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_4e99736d-f4d1-4aec-9f0c-d343d087eb81" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_4e99736d-f4d1-4aec-9f0c-d343d087eb81" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_db105461-545c-46af-912d-e3992089263b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_db105461-545c-46af-912d-e3992089263b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisposalGroupNotDiscontinuedOperationLossGainOnWriteDown_331c155a-6f41-40a7-8d7f-cc0ba7790161" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisposalGroupNotDiscontinuedOperationLossGainOnWriteDown"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_DisposalGroupNotDiscontinuedOperationLossGainOnWriteDown_331c155a-6f41-40a7-8d7f-cc0ba7790161" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_044f6aee-c9b4-4abb-9d5c-ac1e1bda17de" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="6" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_044f6aee-c9b4-4abb-9d5c-ac1e1bda17de" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_20809ef9-387b-4158-8c40-c6f239e06087" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="7" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_20809ef9-387b-4158-8c40-c6f239e06087" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_722524e4-78da-4bdf-8cdd-c70ba22b31a3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="8" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_722524e4-78da-4bdf-8cdd-c70ba22b31a3" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccretionExpense_9b079465-767a-4b54-a0c5-18f8d364d59f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccretionExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="9" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccretionExpense_9b079465-767a-4b54-a0c5-18f8d364d59f" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_794998e8-34d0-45a4-9ec0-df7c92dd7603" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="10" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_794998e8-34d0-45a4-9ec0-df7c92dd7603" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherOperatingActivitiesCashFlowStatement_0f7657c5-a02c-4e10-8716-1e0a02268a44" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingActivitiesCashFlowStatement"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="11" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OtherOperatingActivitiesCashFlowStatement_0f7657c5-a02c-4e10-8716-1e0a02268a44" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_5832ce6d-5859-449c-ad00-3cb999e0eaa0" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="12" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_5832ce6d-5859-449c-ad00-3cb999e0eaa0" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_40497b35-82de-4cd5-9e7b-904cd1547fe8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="13" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_40497b35-82de-4cd5-9e7b-904cd1547fe8" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable_8a1dc910-e931-40e8-940f-1043cb4938a7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="14" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_e71e9e34-d521-4e52-a37d-b8b6e31c87f6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable_8a1dc910-e931-40e8-940f-1043cb4938a7" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_c9892ac7-e90c-4595-ba8b-c2599cdb0a26" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_3338f76d-2d5a-48d6-833d-a15f49178d24" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_c9892ac7-e90c-4595-ba8b-c2599cdb0a26" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_3338f76d-2d5a-48d6-833d-a15f49178d24" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_656aff5b-f81b-4a75-b544-304aefd9d32a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_c9892ac7-e90c-4595-ba8b-c2599cdb0a26" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_656aff5b-f81b-4a75-b544-304aefd9d32a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments_0870760a-0bba-4bd5-9bfe-aa0a89861f6b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_c9892ac7-e90c-4595-ba8b-c2599cdb0a26" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments_0870760a-0bba-4bd5-9bfe-aa0a89861f6b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSharesUnderIncentiveAndShareBasedCompensationPlansIncludingStockOptions_a0cb8b38-05b9-40fa-a197-3f336d9259e0" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSharesUnderIncentiveAndShareBasedCompensationPlansIncludingStockOptions"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_c9892ac7-e90c-4595-ba8b-c2599cdb0a26" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSharesUnderIncentiveAndShareBasedCompensationPlansIncludingStockOptions_a0cb8b38-05b9-40fa-a197-3f336d9259e0" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/NetIncomeperCommonShareScheduleofComputationOfBasicandDilutedNetIncomePerShareDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#NetIncomeperCommonShareScheduleofComputationOfBasicandDilutedNetIncomePerShareDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/NetIncomeperCommonShareScheduleofComputationOfBasicandDilutedNetIncomePerShareDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_9e0c313f-14f8-4651-9624-29e84ebb735c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_11c9a0a1-c120-4856-a506-b171c949633b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_9e0c313f-14f8-4651-9624-29e84ebb735c" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_11c9a0a1-c120-4856-a506-b171c949633b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_a6aad79b-ed57-420f-a5aa-dac7da3ed7f9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_9e0c313f-14f8-4651-9624-29e84ebb735c" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_a6aad79b-ed57-420f-a5aa-dac7da3ed7f9" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/GoodwillandOtherIntangibleAssetsScheduleofIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwillDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#GoodwillandOtherIntangibleAssetsScheduleofIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwillDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/GoodwillandOtherIntangibleAssetsScheduleofIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwillDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_736008fe-54cf-4290-a608-29794731b06b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_a3d8e6d2-dc7c-4c2c-aaf1-056daf4aba30" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_736008fe-54cf-4290-a608-29794731b06b" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_a3d8e6d2-dc7c-4c2c-aaf1-056daf4aba30" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_801925a6-243a-4b18-9994-e44a2afd1f1c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_736008fe-54cf-4290-a608-29794731b06b" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_801925a6-243a-4b18-9994-e44a2afd1f1c" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/GoodwillandOtherIntangibleAssetsScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#GoodwillandOtherIntangibleAssetsScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/GoodwillandOtherIntangibleAssetsScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_f9d73b29-d73d-40c8-9b06-e6f4f1501cb7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_f9d73b29-d73d-40c8-9b06-e6f4f1501cb7" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_9710e230-ade3-4e68-8ce7-a473eaa7bb57" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_9710e230-ade3-4e68-8ce7-a473eaa7bb57" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseRemainderOfFiscalYear_07994f76-1938-4893-842e-391805f82a49" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseRemainderOfFiscalYear"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseRemainderOfFiscalYear_07994f76-1938-4893-842e-391805f82a49" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_prlb_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationAfterYearFour_466537f7-927c-47fd-a0a9-486d7c0543c5" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#prlb_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationAfterYearFour"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:to="loc_prlb_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationAfterYearFour_466537f7-927c-47fd-a0a9-486d7c0543c5" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_121683b3-2b66-451e-b3dc-67a6a377220b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_121683b3-2b66-451e-b3dc-67a6a377220b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_f6707771-0e4a-46ef-a203-964009db9d0b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="6" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_da8cb21e-c656-4972-a100-36f060bc0b75" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_f6707771-0e4a-46ef-a203-964009db9d0b" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure_9e2293f6-cb13-4bf6-8078-cf4887ac6bb9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_c677d756-0f8b-4677-9f82-b0744edda470" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure_9e2293f6-cb13-4bf6-8078-cf4887ac6bb9" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_c677d756-0f8b-4677-9f82-b0744edda470" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_4a8eaaa5-5803-4e4f-b59b-a755e0818cf4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure_9e2293f6-cb13-4bf6-8078-cf4887ac6bb9" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_4a8eaaa5-5803-4e4f-b59b-a755e0818cf4" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesShortTermandLongTermMarketableSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#MarketableSecuritiesShortTermandLongTermMarketableSecuritiesDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesShortTermandLongTermMarketableSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_14de5d43-0910-49c0-b0c8-ee2232c52974" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_ce79d8c3-66d2-4e35-b124-141c2e92ee92" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_14de5d43-0910-49c0-b0c8-ee2232c52974" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_ce79d8c3-66d2-4e35-b124-141c2e92ee92" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_904b732d-0c26-4dc4-a6e0-96f3a5fefd4a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_14de5d43-0910-49c0-b0c8-ee2232c52974" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_904b732d-0c26-4dc4-a6e0-96f3a5fefd4a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_e07b28ab-6301-4a8f-9e97-7a9e8c5022ca" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_14de5d43-0910-49c0-b0c8-ee2232c52974" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_e07b28ab-6301-4a8f-9e97-7a9e8c5022ca" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesMaturitiesofAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#MarketableSecuritiesMaturitiesofAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesMaturitiesofAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_305e6487-5226-48c6-88fa-fb56b60eff86" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_dd96eeff-9cd2-47fa-91af-b0617b0d3c3d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_305e6487-5226-48c6-88fa-fb56b60eff86" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_dd96eeff-9cd2-47fa-91af-b0617b0d3c3d" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_5ca43bb3-3727-44bc-9ebf-e5c1d671b64e" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_305e6487-5226-48c6-88fa-fb56b60eff86" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_5ca43bb3-3727-44bc-9ebf-e5c1d671b64e" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/InventoryDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#InventoryDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/InventoryDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet_b9bc571b-72de-4664-93f8-29c037ea04e3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryGross_03765108-31cd-4b62-b256-6afa7f01f882" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryGross"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet_b9bc571b-72de-4664-93f8-29c037ea04e3" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_InventoryGross_03765108-31cd-4b62-b256-6afa7f01f882" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves_846a639b-1fff-4eeb-95fd-bea5db9ffe3a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet_b9bc571b-72de-4664-93f8-29c037ea04e3" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves_846a639b-1fff-4eeb-95fd-bea5db9ffe3a" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.protolabs.com/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="prlb-20250331.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.protolabs.com/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_095f0a26-ba52-40f9-90da-9e036af0c205" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_756d899b-4085-473e-bd4a-7a1d2ddea9a5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_095f0a26-ba52-40f9-90da-9e036af0c205" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_756d899b-4085-473e-bd4a-7a1d2ddea9a5" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_bace6753-b581-4a9f-b1f4-0c1cf36c4d87" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_095f0a26-ba52-40f9-90da-9e036af0c205" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_bace6753-b581-4a9f-b1f4-0c1cf36c4d87" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
</link:linkbase>
